The foundational Japanese version of stab binding is called Yotsume Toji, which roughly translates to “four holes.” This is also the basic Chinese version, while the Korean standard has five holes (a more favourable number in Korean culture). All styles were practiced during the Edo period in Japan and the Qing Dynasty in China.
There Are 4 Basic Variations of this technique
Yotsume Toji (Four-Hole Binding) – the most common and straightforward style
Koki Toji (Noble Binding) – a Chinese variant, also known as Kangxi, which has two extra holes near the corners for additional strength and decoration
Asa-No-Ha Toji (Hemp Leaf Binding) – a variation of Kangxi with more holes, including corner stitching, creating a more elaborate and durable binding
Kikko Toji (Tortoise Shell Binding) – similar to Asa-No-Ha Toji, without stitching around the corners
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